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Fraction Calculator

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Add, subtract, multiply and divide fractions in lowest terms

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What the fraction calculator does

Enter two fractions, choose add, subtract, multiply or divide, and the calculator returns the exact result as a fraction in lowest terms, plus its decimal value. It handles improper fractions and reduces automatically, so 3/4 + 5/6 comes back as 19/12 (1.5833), not as an unreduced 38/24. Useful for recipes, woodworking and fabric measurements, homework checking, and anywhere a decimal would hide the exact value.

The four operations

Add: a/b + c/d = (ad + cb) / bd → 3/4 + 5/6 = (18 + 20)/24 = 38/24 = 19/12 Subtract: a/b − c/d = (ad − cb) / bd → 3/4 − 5/6 = (18 − 20)/24 = −2/24 = −1/12 Multiply: a/b × c/d = ac / bd → 3/4 × 5/6 = 15/24 = 5/8 Divide: a/b ÷ c/d = a/b × d/c = ad / bc → 3/4 ÷ 5/6 = 18/20 = 9/10

Adding and subtracting need a common denominator; multiplying and dividing do not. Dividing by a fraction is multiplying by its reciprocal (flip it), which is the step most people half-remember.

Reducing to lowest terms

A fraction is reduced by dividing numerator and denominator by their greatest common divisor (GCD). The calculator finds the GCD with Euclid's algorithm — repeatedly replace the larger number with the remainder of dividing it by the smaller until the remainder is zero.

GCD(38, 24): 38 = 1×24 + 14 → 24 = 1×14 + 10 → 14 = 1×10 + 4 → 10 = 2×4 + 2 → 4 = 2×2 + 0 GCD = 2 → 38/24 = 19/12

Using the smallest common denominator instead of simply multiplying the denominators keeps intermediate numbers small: 3/4 + 5/6 can be done over 12 rather than 24. The result is the same after reduction.

Mixed numbers, improper fractions and decimals

FormExampleWhen it is used
Proper fraction3/4Part of a whole
Improper fraction19/12Calculation results; easiest form for arithmetic
Mixed number1 7/12Measurements and recipes (1 7/12 cups)
Decimal1.5833…Money, calculators, spreadsheets
Percentage158.33%Rates and comparisons

To convert a mixed number for entry, multiply the whole part by the denominator and add the numerator: 2 3/8 = (2×8 + 3)/8 = 19/8. To convert back, divide: 19 ÷ 8 = 2 remainder 3, so 2 3/8.

Fractions you meet in real life

  • Cooking: scaling a recipe by 1½ turns ⅔ cup into ⅔ × 3/2 = 1 cup; halving ¾ teaspoon gives ⅜, which is why measuring spoons come in odd sizes.
  • Imperial measurements: a board measuring 5⅜ in cut from 12 in leaves 12 − 43/8 = 53/8 = 6⅝ in. Tape measures are marked in 16ths; the calculator keeps the exact answer.
  • Music: note lengths are fractions of a bar; a dotted quarter is ¼ + ⅛ = ⅜.
  • Probability: the chance of two independent events is the product — ⅙ × ⅙ = 1/36 for double sixes.
  • Shares and ratios: splitting costs ⅖ and ⅗, or mixing fuel at 1/50.

Why not just use decimals?

Some fractions have no exact decimal: ⅓ is 0.333… forever, and rounding it introduces error that compounds over several steps. Fractions stay exact. Three thirds add to exactly one; three lots of 0.33 add to 0.99. For money and engineering, decimals are the convention; for anything with thirds, sixths or sevenths, fractions are safer until the final answer.

Frequently asked questions

Can I enter a negative fraction?

Yes — put the minus sign on the numerator. −3/4 and 3/−4 are the same value; the result is shown with the sign on the numerator.

What if the denominator is zero?

Division by zero is undefined; the calculator shows an error rather than a result.

How do I add three or more fractions?

Add the first two, then add the result to the third. Because the result is shown in lowest terms, you can copy it straight back in.

How do I convert a decimal to a fraction?

Write the decimal over a power of ten and reduce: 0.375 = 375/1000 = 3/8. Repeating decimals need algebra: 0.333… = 1/3. The Fraction to Decimal tool goes the other way.

Why is my answer an improper fraction?

Results are shown as a single fraction because it is the form used in further calculation. Divide numerator by denominator to get the mixed-number form.

Does it handle very large numbers?

Yes, within JavaScript's safe integer range (about 9 × 10¹⁵). Beyond that, precision is lost.

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